A. Position & degree
Professor & Director, Graduate school of math & science education, National Chiayi University, Taiwan, R.O. C.
1.National Kaohsiung Normal University（Bachelor of Science, Major in Mathematics）
2.The University of Memphis (Master of Science, Major in Mathematics Education).
3.The University of Memphis (Doctor of Education, Major in Mathematics Education).
B.My book & Book Chapter
1.Liu, S. T. (2007). The use of questioning in helping students solve rational and proportional
problems in math instruction (2nd edition). Taipei City：Shtabook Publishing.
2.Liu, S. T. (2001). Practicing mathematics writing activities to develop problem posing ability in
elementary school teachers. Taipei County：Wenjing Publishing.
3.Huang, K. H., & Liu, S. T. (2005). The Study of Practicing Lesson Plan of Matching Up
Activities. (Book chapter). Taipei: Psychology Publishing.
C.Services & Academic Accomplishments
1.The director of Graduate school of math & science center, National Chiayi University (2010.08-).
2.The director of Teacher education center, National Chiayi University (2006.08-2008.07).
3.The chairman of department of math education, National Chiayi University (1998.08-2002.07).
4.The chairman of the graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University (2000.08-
2002.07).
5.The director of teacher education center, National Chiayi University (2007.08- ).
6.A committee member of mathematical curriculum and instruction, Ministry education of Taiwan
(2000.08-2010.7).
7.Mr. Wang, my advisee got excellent thesis prize from the association of curriculum and
instruction (2008).
8.Ms. Yang, my advisee got fund for mathematics textbook analysis from National Compilation
Organization(2008).
9.Ms. Weng, my advisee got excellent thesis prize from the association of curriculum and
instruction (2004).
10.Mr. Hwang, my advisee got the thesis prize from Education foundation fund of Professor Jia,
Fu-ming (2004).
11.Ms. Weng, my advisee got the thesis prize from National Science Council (2003).
12.Mr. Hwang & Ms. Wu. My advisees got recognition of contribution in Great Teaching 2003 and
an award of excellence from National Taiwan Normal University and Chinese Creativity
Development Association (2003).
13.Ms. Chen, my advisee got the thesis prize from National Science Council (2002).
14.1995、96、98 & 99 got research rewards from National Science Council.
D.Publication list (Journal)
1.Liu, S. T., Huang, K. H., & Su, Y. C. (2010). The visualization presentation for problem solving
strategies – Taking examples from the contrasted activities of part to whole relationships.
Science Education Monthly, 329, 2-7.
2.Huang, T.W., Liu, S. T., & Lin, C. Y. (2009). Pre-service teachers’ mathematical knowledge of
fractions [Electronic version]. Research in Higher Education Journal, 5, 1-8. (NSC- 96-2511-S-
415-002).
3.Liu, S. T., & Ho, F. C. (2008). Conjecture Activities for Comprehending Statistics Terms through
Speculations on the Functions of Imaginary Spectrometers. The Australian Mathematics
Teacher, 64(3), 17-24.
4.Liu, C. Y., & Liu, S. T. (2008). Analyses of Problem Solving Performance of Factor and Multiple
Problems of Gifted Seventh Grade Students. Journal of Gifted Education, 2008, 8(1), 47-66.
(Correspond author:Liu, Shiang-tung).
5.Li, P. H., & Liu, S. T. (2008). The analysis of a gifted child’s spontaneous strategies of problem
solving for the cross proportional problems. Submitted to Gifted Education Quarterly.
(Correspond author:Liu, Shiang-tung).
6.Tsai, Z. Y., & Liu, S. T. (2007). How are gifted students thinking about “Speed”. Journal of
Gifted Education, 2007, 7(1), 29-47. (Correspond author:Liu, Shiang-tung).
7.Liu, S. T. (2007). The way how should we teach and the content what should be taught for the
school mathematics: Reflection from the visiting public secondary schools of the Melbourne
city, Australia? Science Education Monthly, 300, 26-31.
8.Wang, Z. M., & Liu, S. T. (2007). An analysis of a gifted child’s spontaneous strategies used in
solving fractional division problems. Gifted Education Quarterly, 104, 8-19. (Correspond
author:Liu, Shiang-tung).
9.Chen, G. C., & Liu, S. T. (2007). The study of a seventh grader’s concept development of ratio
and proportion. Taiwanese Mathematics Teacher, 10, 12-38.(Correspond author:Liu, Shiang-
tung).
10.Lin, H.L, & Liu, S. T. (2006). The applications of Farey sum on solving rate problems. Science
Education Monthly, 287, 20-29.(Correspond author：Liu, Shiang-tung).
11.Hung, C. H., & Liu, S. T. (2006). The development and practice of situated cognition teaching
activities in the factors unit—using poker games as an example. Chinese Journal of Science
Education, 14, 1-27. (Correspond author：Liu, Shiang-tung).
12.Yen, T. B. , & Liu, S. T. (2005). A six grader’s performance on solving ratio problems case
study norming performance at fraction numbers. Research and Development in Science
Education Quarterly, 41, 44-73（Correspond author：Liu, Shiang-tung）.
13.Liu, S. T., & Se, H. H. (2005). Which is the sweeter solution between two honey cups?
Edumath, 21, 75-80.
14.Se, H. H.,& Liu, S. T. (2005). A fourth grader’s performance on solving operator problems.
Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 40, 13-34. (Correspond
author:Liu, Shiang-tung).
15.Yeh, G. D., Liu, S. T. (2005). A seven grader’s performance on solving speed problems,
Science Education Monthly, 279, 2-20. (Correspond author:Liu, Shiang-tung).
16.Liu, S. T., & Huang, K. H. (2005). The types and examples of mathematics writing. Taiwanese
Mathematics Teacher, 1(1), 1-7.
17.Huang, K. H., & Liu, S. T. (2005). Using poker games in mathematics as a creative means of
teaching factor problems：An action research approach. Bulletin of Educational Research,
51(1), 95-129.
18.Chang, Y. P., & Liu, S. T. (2005). A fifth grader’s performance on solving ratio problems.
Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 39, 39-59.
19.Hung, C. H., & Liu, S. T. (2004). A fifth grader’s performance on solving the unit partition of
fraction problems. Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 35, 53-75.
20.Liu, S. T. (2003). Is constructivism instruction of mathematics from the way of simplicity to of
complication? Teacher Companion, 44(1), 8-11.
21.Weng, Y. C., & Liu, S. T. (2003). A study of solving simple proportion problems by a third
grader. Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 31, 32-53.
22.Wey, T. M., & Liu, S. T. (2003). The construction of proportion problems of schoolchildren.
Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 32, 87-108.
23.Huang, K. H., Liu, S. T. (2003). The fifth graders’ difficulties of learning factors unit. Research
and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 30, 52-70.
24.Huang, K. H., Liu, S. T. (2003). Practicing an innovative mathematics teaching activity- Using
poker games to teaching factors unit as examples. Research and Development in Science
Education Quarterly, 33, 70-90.
25.Ho, F. C., & Liu, S. T. (2003). The innovative teaching for statistics measures-Conjecturing the
role of spectrum instrument. Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 33,
54-69.
26.Li, M. L., & Liu, S. T. (2003). The new window of algebra teaching. Science Education
Monthly, 265, 2-15.
27.Liu, S. T., Weng, Y. C.,& Wu, M. Z.(2003). The effects of calculator teaching activities to
decimal comparisons-A case study from a sixth grader. Teacher Companion, 10, 251-280.
28.Huang, W. C.,& Liu, S. T.(2003). Overcoming a sixth grader’s misconception of decimal
numbers by using the base ten blocks. Research and Development in Science Education
Quarterly, 30, 71-93.
29.Liu, S. T.& Huang, K. H.(2003). The study of practicing teaching module of divisors’ number.
Chinese Journal of Science Education, 11(3), 235-256.
30.Chen, S. J., & Liu, S. T. (2002). The accessible teaching strategies of mathematics discussion
in an elementary classroom. Chinese Journal of Science Education, 10(1), 87-107.
31.Lo, J. J., Hung, C.C., & Liu, S.T. (2002). An analysis of teacher education reform in Taiwan
since 1994 and its potential impact on the elementary school level. International Journal of
Education Research, 37, 145-159.
32.Shen, M. H., & Liu, S. T. (2002). Analyzing literatures of students’ solving proportion problems
－ Suggestions for curriculum and instruction of elementary mathematics. Research and
Development in Science Education Quarterly, 27, 81-96.
33.Chen, H. M., & Liu, S. T. (2002). A case study of a fifth grader’s probability conceptions.
Journal of Research on Elementary and Secondary Education, 8, 133 -158.
34.Chen, H. M., & Liu, S. T.(2002). To explore instruction and curriculum from document analysis
of children’s probability misconceptions. Research and Development in Science Education
Quarterly, 26, 40-51.
35.Huang, K. H., & Liu, S. T. (2002). Happy mathematics classes from practicing innovating
teaching on divisor teaching unit. Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly,
26, 52-64.
36.Liu, S. T., Wu, M. Z., & Weng, Y. I. (2002).The effects of using calculator teaching activities on
learning decimal numbers. Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 26,
22-39.
37.Liu, S. T., Chou, L. S. (2001). Developing elementary school teachers’ problem posing
abilities: Examples of teaching multiplication and division of fractional numbers. Chinese
Journal of Science Education, 9(1),15-34.
38.Chen, Y. T.,& Liu, S. T.(2001).The implications of multiple intelligence for math instruction.
Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 25, 81-100.
39.Chen, S. J., & Liu, S. T.(2001). The difficulties of mathematics discussion from an elementary
school teacher. Educational Research & Information, 9(2), 125-146.
40.Liu, S. T., Wu, R. X.,& Huang, C. I. (2000). Mathematics problem posing of an elementary
teacher: Analysis from students’ mathematics writing on number & quantity. Educational
Research & Information, 8(4), 141-166.
41.Wu, M. R.,& Liu, S. T. (2000).The study of calculators integrated into math instruction of
Elementary school. Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 19, 61-72.
42.Lin, C. R., & Liu, S. T. (2000).The instruction of volume concept from the viewpoint of unit
quantity. Research and Development in Science Education Quarterly, 21, 44-55.
43.Liu, S. T, & Chou, L. S. (1999).The development of teaching practice curriculum at proportion
problems. Chung-Shi Bulletin of Mathematics and Science, 3(1), 1-25.
44.Chou, L.S., & Liu, S. T. (1998).The effects of math writing activities on problem solving abilities
of Elementary Students. Education Research and Information, 6(3), 46-62.
45.Liu, S. T., & Ho, S. H. (1997).The evaluation of available CAI courseware used by children with
mild mental retardation. Bulletin of Chiayi Teacher College, 11, 309-342.
46.Liu, S. T.,& Chou ,L. S.(1997). Mathematics writing activities – A communication tool of
instruction for the elementary mathematics. Journal of Research on Elementary Education, 3,
239-262.
47.Chou, L.H., & Liu, S. T. (1997). The relations between problem-solving strategies and math
abilities of elementary school students – An exploration in solving “Blocks Problem”. Journal
of Research on Elementary Education, 3, 25-44.
48.Liu, S.T. (1994). The exploration of integrating calculators into elementary mathematics
education. Bulletin of Chiayi Teacher College, 8, 313-336.
49.Liu, S. T. (1994). The role of writing activities on mathematics instruction. Teacher Companion,
35(5),32-36.
50.Liu, S. T. (1990). The methods of using microcomputer to increase the effective decimal
numbers: Overcoming the situations of overflow value. Science Education Monthly, 133,
2-11.
51.Liu, S. T. (1989).The relationships between the characteristics of recurring decimal and prime
numbers. Science Education Monthly, 125, 48-53.
52.Liu, S. T. (1989). The explanatory to Fabonacci sequence. Teacher Companion, 30(5), 6-10.
53.Liu, S. T. (1985). Relationships between student Piagetian cognitive development and the
learning mathematics in junior teachers college. Bulletin of Chiayi Junior Teacher College,
15,253-274.
E. Conference papers
1.Tseng, C. C., & Liu, S.T. (2010). The comparison study on mathematics problem-solving
performance between traditional assessment and writing assessment：Exploration of
pattern problems. 2th Conference on Technology and Mathematics Education. Department
of mathematics Education, National Taichung University.
2.Liu, S.T., Chen, J. C. & Yao R. F. (2010). Mathematizing Binary Numbers for Gifted Seventh
Graders through Conjecture Activities. 2th Conference on Technology and Mathematics
Education. Department of mathematics Education, National Taichung University.
3.Liu, S.T., & Su, Y. J. (2010). A case study: Role of meta-cognition in solving non-routine
mathematics problems. 8th Hawaii International Conference on Education. Honolulu, Hawaii.
Jan. 7-10, 2010.
4.Liu, S.T., & Chen, J. C. (2009). How did Tom use visual representations to solve non-routine
problems? National Association of Gifted Children 56th Annual Convention & Exhibition,
Nov. 4-9, 2009. St. Louis, Missouri.
5.Liu, S. T. (2006). Scaffolding for a gifted child’s mathematics problem solving. Paper presented
at Mathematical meeting and annual meeting of the mathematical society. Department of
mathematics, National Taiwan Normal University.
6.Liu, S. T., & Steinle, V. (2006). Analyses of spontaneous problem solving strategies: Case
studies of gifted Taiwanese children. Paper presented at 53rd Annual Convention National
Association for Gifted Childen, Novermber 1-5, 2006. Charlotte, North Carolina.
7.Liu, S. T., & Ho, F. C. (2006). Conjecture activities to learn statistics terms. Paper presented at
the conference of the Perspective of mathematics curriculum development and teaching at
National Chiayi University, Minghsiung campus.
8.Liu, S. T. (2005). Formulating the target problems to develop a third grader problem solving
ability: analyzing strategies of the source problem as resources. Paper presented at The
ICMI Eastern Asia Regional Conference of Mathematics Education 3 at East China Normal
University, Shanghai City, China.
9.Liu, S. T., & Ho, F. C. (2005). Conjecture activities for comprehending statistics terms through
speculations on the functions of fictitious dpectrometers. Paper presented at the PME 29 at
University of Melbourne, Australia.
10.Liu, S. T., & Kao, S. (2005). Developing Tony’s rational number concept through math writing.
The International Conference of Reading and Writing on Science and Mathematics
Education at National Changhua University of Education。
11.Lo, j. j., Hung, C .C., ＆ Liu, S. T. (2001). An analysis of the recent reform in elementary
teacher education in Taiwan and its potential impacts on the mathematics teaching at the
elementary school levels. Paper presented at the Research Profession of the 2001 Annual
Meeting of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. April 2-4, 2001, Orlando, FL.
(2001).
F. Research directions & projects
Research direction
1. Mathematics concept development
2. Mathematics writing activity
3. Mathematics problem solving
4. Gifted mathematics education
My research grants
1.Liu, S. T. (2010). Develop Higher Order Mathematics Problem Solving Scale from Analyzing
Problem Solving Performance of Elementary Students (2/3)（NSC-98- 2511-S-003-MY3）.
2.Liu, S. T. (2009). Develop Higher Order Mathematics Problem Solving Scale from Analyzing
Problem Solving Performance of Elementary Students (1/3)（NSC-98- 2511-S-003-MY3）.
3.Liu, S. T. (2008). The study of analysis of problem solving and designing mathematics activities
for gifted children（2/3）.（NSC-95- 2521-S-004-MY3）
4.Liu, S. T. (2007). The study of analysis of problem solving and designing mathematics activities
for gifted children（1/3）.（NSC-95- 2521-S-004-MY3）
5.Liu, S. T.（2006）. The study of constructs、operation ability、and norming ability of rational
numbers for the senior elementary students (3/3). （NSC-94-2521-S-425-001）.
6.Liu, S. T.（2005）.The program of science education production：The theory and practice of
mathematics questioning（NSC-93-2511-S-415-005）.
7.Liu, S. T. (2005). The study of constructs、operation ability、and norming ability of rational
numbers for the senior elementary students.(2/3)（NSC-93-2521-S-425-001）.
8.Liu, S. T.（2004）. The program of science education production：Problem posing design and
problem solving analysis of elementary mathematics (NSC-92-2521-S-415-004）.
9.Liu, S. T. (2004). The study of constructs、operation ability、and norming ability of rational
numbers for the senior elementary students(1/3).（NSC-92-2521-S-425-001）.
10.Liu, S. T. (2003). The development and practice of instructional module for integrated nine
years math curriculum. (NSC-91-2521-S-415-002).
11.Liu, S. T. (2001). The development of proportional concepts from the viewpoint of unit quantity.
( NSC-89-2511-S-415-002).
G. My graduated advisees and their theses.
1.Tseng, C. C. (2010). The comparison study on mathematics problem-solving performance
between traditional assessment and writing assessment：Exploration of pattern problems.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
2.Tseng, H. H. (2010). The Study of Implementing Open-ended Approach-Exemplar from factor
and multiple. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi
University.
3.Chiang, C. W. (2010). The Study of a Gifted Student’s Performance on Speed Problem Solving.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
4.Ching, K. P. (2009). The Study of Open Approach for The Seventh Grade student cases in
Junior High School Mathematics Class. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math
education, National Chiayi University.
5.Yang, M. C. (2009). A Study on the Multiplication Topic of Elementary Mathematics Textbooks
for Second and Third Grade Students between Taiwan and U.S.A. Unpublished thesis of the
Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
6.Yeh, C. C. (2009). The case studies of performance for the two seventh grade gifted students
on solving number pattern problems. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math
education, National Chiayi University.
7.Liu, C. Y. (2009). The Study of problem Solving Related to Factor and Multiple Problems for the
Seventh Grader Difted Cases. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education,
National Chiayi University.
8.Jhang, S. R. (2009). The Study of Analyzing Gifted Students on Solving Speed Problems.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
9.Chen, S. G. (2008). The study of questioning techniques used in the Elementary classroom.
Unpublished dissertation of the graduate institute of education, National Tainan University.
10.Lin, H.L, & Liu, S. T. (2008). The study of achievement of mathematics learning by questioning
approach — solving on the fraction norming problems by a 7th graders’, for example.
Unpublished dissertation of the graduate institute of education, National Tainan University.
11.Kang, S. J. (2008). The study of decision making from an school teacher’s questioning
instruction. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi
University.
12.Tsai, Z. Y. (2008). Investigate the performance of sixth-grade gift students on speed problems.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
13.Lee, P. H. (2008). Scaffolding students’ learning the continued proportion problems : base on
spontaneous strategies of gifted students. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of
math education, National Chiayi University.
14.Wang, C. M. (2008). The study of scaffolding students’ learning of fractions division from gifted
children spontaneous strategies- exemplar from extended partititve division. Unpublished
thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
15.Chen, J. W. (2007).Exploring the sixth graders’ ability in fraction norming problem. Unpublished
thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
16.Chen, C. C. (2007). A case study of a junuor high school student’s development in solving
mathematical problems of ratio and proportion. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute
of math education, National Chiayi University.
17.Huang, S. M. (2007). The effect of questioning on quotient problems solving of fifth students.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
18.Tseng, C. F. (2007). Effects of revising writing and feed backing activities to the sixth grades
elementary school students on rational numbers as measure task. Unpublished thesis of the
Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
19.Wu, S. H. (2007). A study of integrating caculators into remedial instruction on comprehension
of division algorithm for decimals. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math
education, National Chiayi University.
20.Yen, C. P. (2006). Exploring the sixth graders’ problem solving patterns and their levels of
understanding of norming task-division of fraction, for example. Unpublished thesis of the
Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
21.Chiu, W. C. (2005).A seventh grader’s performance in solving equivalent fraction task.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
22.Hung, C. H.(2005).A sixth grader’s performance in solving rational numbers as measure task.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
23.Chang, Y. P.(2005).The solution categories of two elementary students in solving rational as
ratio task. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi
University.
24.Shin, H. H.(2005).Exploring a fourth grader’s performance of solving rational-as-operator tasks-
Form the perspective of a junior high school teacher. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate
institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
25.Yen, G. D.(2005).A seventh grader’s study of solving speed problems. Unpublished thesis of
the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
26.Ho, M. H.(2005).A research on ninth graders’ solving the inclusive relation of quadrilaterals.
Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National Chiayi University.
27.Hwang, J. C.(2005).A study of solving inverse function problems from first grader of senior
high school students. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education, National
Chiayi University.
28.Li, M. L.(2004).A study of solving arithmetic sequence problems from a second grader of a
middle school student. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education,
National Chiayi University.
29.Ho, F. C.(2004).Using tangram to study on abilities of developing fraction norming in the sixth-
grade elementary students. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math education,
National Chiayi University.
30.Huang, K. H.(2003).A study of the implementation of divisor numbers instructional module in
two upper grade elementary classrooms. Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of
elementary education, National Chia-Yi University.
31.Weng, Y. C.(2002).A study of solving proportion problems from a third grader of an elementary
school student. Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of elementary education, National
Chia-Yi University.
32.Chen, H. M.(2002).A case study of three elementary school students’ solving probability
problems. Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of elementary education, National
Chia-Yi University.
33.Shen, M. H.(2002).The study of practicing teaching module of proportion problem-「Stretchers
and shrinkers」unit as an example. Unpublished thesis of the Graduate institute of math
education, National Chiayi University.
34.Lin, R. R.(2001).The volume concept of elementary students: From the viewpoint of unit
quantity. Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of elementary education, National Chia-
Yi University.
35.Huang, W. J.(2001).A case study of referents’ activity to improve the decimal concept of six-
grade students in the elementary school. Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of
elementary education, National Chia-Yi University.
36.Wu, M. R.(2000).The case study of using calculators activity to enhance students number
concept. Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of elementary education, National Chia-
Yi University.
37.Chen, S. J.(1999).The study of a mathematics class discussion in an elementary school by
collaborative action research. Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of elementary
education, National Chia-Yi University.
38.Yang, G. L.(1999).The study of solving proportion problems from fifth and sixth graders.
Unpublished thesis of the graduate institute of elementary education, National Chia-Yi
University.
39.Juang, S. C.(1998).Elementary school teachers’ beliefs of mathematics. Unpublished thesis of
the graduate institute of elementary education, National Chia-Yi University.
40.Wei, T. M.(1997).The study of implementing writing activities on math classrooms. Unpublished
thesis of the graduate institute of elementary education, National Chia-Yi University.
H. Courses
1. The study of math concept development.
2. The data analysis of qualitative research.
3. The constructivism and math learning.
4. The teaching materials and methods of secondary mathematics.
5. The teaching practice of secondary mathematics.
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